The mitral valve (MV) is one of the most challenging structures of the heart with its complex saddle-shaped annulus and multi-scalloped and indented leaflets. Mitral valve regurgitation (MR) and its surgical correction is a Class I indication for two-dimensional (2D) and color Doppler echocardiography. It is an invaluable tool in
Musculoskeletal pain affects 116 million Americans annually at a cost of $635 billion a year in medical bills, lost productivity and missed work or school. The current treatment for musculoskeletal pain includes modalities, immobilization, medications, chiropractic care, physical therapy, behavioral management, injections and/or surgery. These standard therapies have their particular
Rib fractures are a common thoracic injury that is encountered in 20% to 39% of patients with blunt chest trauma. It is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Traditionally, the majority of these patients with have been managed nonoperatively. Recently, the utilization of surgical stabilization of rib fractures has increased
Cervical cancer is a common gynecologic malignancy worldwide. It is the fourth for both incidence and mortality. For cervical cancer, imaging and pathology assessments are incorporated in the revised 2018 Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system. Uses of imaging techniques for the pre-treatment work-up of cervical cancer have
In patients undergoing surgery, optimal pain management leads to improved perioperative outcomes, patient’s satisfaction with surgery, and a more rapid functional recovery. Recently, the use of multimodal pain management strategies has become increasingly common.. In particular, there has been a rise in the use of peripheral nerve blocking. Initial physical
Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is a reliable, minimally invasive diagnostic method with high sensitivity and specificity in the evaluation of thyroid nodules or abnormality such as papillary thyroid carcinoma within the thyroid and remove a tissue sample for examination under a microscope. The procedure is less invasive than surgical
Vitreous hemorrhage (VH) is an important ophthalmic condition that may cause an abrupt decrease in visual acuity (VA) and it often occurs as a complication of an underlying disease. VH has an annual incidence of 7 to 15.4 cases per 100,000 persons, depending on the population studied. Some of the main
Ultrasound-guided core-needle biopsy on the breast is a reliable alternative to surgical biopsy for a histological diagnosis. Percutaneous biopsy is less invasive than surgery. It can be performed quickly, does not deform the breast, causes minimal scarring, complications (haematoma and infection) are infrequently encountered (less than one case in 1,000),
Shallow vestibule can create a barrier in oral hygiene maintenance and can cause gingival recession due to the muscular traction. Inadequate vestibular depth in combination with inadequate attached gingiva is said to cause more food accumulation during mastication. Hence, shallow vestibule impeding with oral hygiene and proper plaque control maintenance
© 2005 – 2024 | SIFSOF LLC. California | All Rights Reserved.