The nerves targeted in a PENG block are the pain-sensing nerves of the anterior capsule of the hip joint, with some extension to the obturator nerve making this an effective block for femoral neck fractures, intertrochanteric femoral fractures, pubic ramus fractures, acetabular fractures, and hip dislocations. The pericapsular nerve group

The serratus anterior muscle is a fan-shaped muscle located on the lateral wall of the thorax. The majority of it is located deep beneath the scapula and pectoral muscles. The latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major muscles are easily palpated. It is inserted precisely at the front edge of the scapula. The

Varicose veins are veins that are twisted and enlarged. Any superficial vein can become varicose, but the veins in the legs are the most commonly affected. This is due to the fact that standing and walking upright increases the pressure in the lower body’s veins. Indeed, varicose veins and spider

The mitral valve (MV) is one of the most challenging structures of the heart with its complex saddle-shaped annulus and multi-scalloped and indented leaflets. Mitral valve regurgitation (MR) and its surgical correction is a Class I indication for two-dimensional (2D) and color Doppler echocardiography. It is an invaluable tool in

Rib fractures are a common thoracic injury that is encountered in 20% to 39% of patients with blunt chest trauma. It is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Traditionally, the majority of these patients with have been managed nonoperatively. Recently, the utilization of surgical stabilization of rib fractures has increased

Cervical cancer is a common gynecologic malignancy worldwide. It is the fourth for both incidence and mortality. For cervical cancer, imaging and pathology assessments are incorporated in the revised 2018 Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system. Uses of imaging techniques for the pre-treatment work-up of cervical cancer have

 Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is a reliable, minimally invasive diagnostic method with high sensitivity and specificity in the evaluation of thyroid nodules or abnormality such as papillary thyroid carcinoma within the thyroid and remove a tissue sample for examination under a microscope. The procedure is less invasive than surgical

Vitreous hemorrhage (VH) is an important ophthalmic condition that may cause an abrupt decrease in visual acuity (VA) and it often occurs as a complication of an underlying disease. VH has an annual incidence of 7 to 15.4 cases per 100,000 persons, depending on the population studied. Some of the main

Ultrasound-guided core-needle biopsy on the breast is a reliable alternative to surgical biopsy for a histological diagnosis. Percutaneous biopsy is less invasive than surgery. It can be performed quickly, does not deform the breast, causes minimal scarring, complications (haematoma and infection) are infrequently encountered (less than one case in 1,000),